2018年IOAA理论第3题-大气折射

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英文原题

(T3) Atmospheric Refraction (10 points)

Consider sunrise at Beijing (φ=40°) on the vernal equinox day.

(a) Let us say r_l, r_d, r_r and r_u are distances from the centre of the undistorted disk of the Sun to the edge of the disk towards the directions left, down, right and up respectively. What will be the hierarchical relation (<, =, >) between the four radii just after the sunrise?

(b) What is the correction in the time of rise of the top edge of the disk as compared to the case without atmosphere? You may assume that typically atmospheric refraction near the horizon is 35’. Please only consider the apparent diurnal motion.

中文翻译

(T3)大气折射(10分)

考虑北京(φ = 40°)在春分日的日出.

(a) 令r_l,r_d,r_r和r_u分别为从没有畸变的日面中心向左,向下,向右,向上到日面边缘的距离.问日出后, 这四个半径的大小关系(< , = , >)?

(b) 如果没有大气层,日面上边缘升起的时间应该做怎样的修正.你可以假设为大气折射在地平线附近是35’的典型情形.请只考虑周日视动