https://www.astro-init.top/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=2026%E5%B9%B4CNAO%E9%80%89%E6%8B%94%E8%B5%9B%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%94%E9%A2%98-%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F%E8%BE%90%E5%B0%84%E5%B9%B3%E8%A1%A1%E4%B8%8E%E5%86%B0%E9%9B%AA%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%8D%E9%A6%88 2026-07-23T23:22:35Z 本wiki的该页面的版本历史 MediaWiki 1.32.2 https://www.astro-init.top/index.php?title=2026%E5%B9%B4CNAO%E9%80%89%E6%8B%94%E8%B5%9B%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%94%E9%A2%98-%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F%E8%BE%90%E5%B0%84%E5%B9%B3%E8%A1%A1%E4%B8%8E%E5%86%B0%E9%9B%AA%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%8D%E9%A6%88&diff=3090&oldid=prev 2026-07-18T12:50:47Z

<p>收录试题，修改标签</p> <table class="diff diff-contentalign-left" data-mw="interface"> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <tr class="diff-title" lang="zh-Hans-CN"> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;">←上一版本</td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;">2026年7月18日 (六) 12:50的版本</td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l1" >第1行：</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">第1行：</td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>{{<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">需要编辑</del>}}</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>{{<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">需要解答</ins>}}</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== 题目 ==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== 题目 ==</div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">天文测光观测表明，近二十年月球暗面的“地照”（即地球反射的太阳短波辐射）辐射通量有所下降，相当于视星等增加了$$ \Delta m = +0.018 $$等。假设该视亮度变化仅由地球的反照率变化引起，已知地球初始反照率$$ A_0 = 0.30$$。</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">假设地球气候系统已达到新的热平衡。由于大气温室效应，地球表面实际平均温度$$ T_{surf} $$高于无大气状态下的有效温度$$ T_{eff}$$。在真实气候系统中，由于水汽等正反馈机制的作用，对于平衡态附近的微小扰动，地表实际升温$$ \Delta T_{surf} $$可近似为有效温度变化量$$ \Delta T_{eff} $$的$$ 1.6 $$倍。</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">（1）'''（6分）'''若不考虑其他气候反馈机制，仅基于辐射平衡，请根据上述地照亮度的变化，计算地球表面平均气温上升的理论值。（结果保留两位小数）</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">在真实气候系统中，温度升高会导致极地冰盖融化，使得地球表面反照率进一步下降，这被称为“冰雪反照率正反馈”。引入该机制后，地球总反照率的变化 $$\Delta A $$由外部初始扰动$$ \Delta A_{ext} $$和温度反馈共同决定，在一阶线性近似下，满足关系式$$ \Delta A = \Delta A_{ext} + k \Delta T_{surf} $$（其中反馈系数$$ k &lt; 0 $$）。</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">（2）'''（6分）'''设未考虑冰雪反馈时，地表实际温度对反照率的初始敏感度为$$ \lambda_0 = \frac{dT_{surf}}{dA}$$，请推导$$ \lambda_0$$ 的解析表达式；并以此为基础，推导在冰雪反馈机制下，最终实际升温$$ \Delta T_{surf} $$与初始反照率扰动$$ \Delta A_{ext} $$和反馈系数$$ k $$之间的函数关系式。</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">（3）'''（3分）'''为避免地球发生失控温室效应（即温度发散为无穷大），反馈系数的绝对值$$ |k| $$必须满足什么条件？</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">（4）'''（5分）'''根据现代气候模型估算，当前地球的反馈系数约为$$ k = -1.0 \times 10^{-3} \text{ K}^{-1}$$，请判断当前地球气候是否处于安全状态；结合第（1）问的观测扰动数据，计算在该冰雪正反馈机制下，地球气候系统达到新的热平衡后，地球表面平均气温最终上升的理论值（结果保留两位小数）</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== 解答 ==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== 解答 ==</div></td></tr> <!-- diff cache key astro_init-astro_:diff::1.12:old-2952:rev-3090 --> </table>

RT.x https://www.astro-init.top/index.php?title=2026%E5%B9%B4CNAO%E9%80%89%E6%8B%94%E8%B5%9B%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%94%E9%A2%98-%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F%E8%BE%90%E5%B0%84%E5%B9%B3%E8%A1%A1%E4%B8%8E%E5%86%B0%E9%9B%AA%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%8D%E9%A6%88&diff=2952&oldid=prev 2026-06-06T12:20:18Z

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